@Article{ZomerCGMMCPR:2020:EnBaPe,
               author = "Zomer, C. and Cust{\'o}dio, I. and Goulart, S. and Mantelli Neto, 
                         Sylvio Luiz and Martins, G. and Campos, R. and Pinto, G. and 
                         R{\"u}ther, R.",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {Universidade 
                         Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {Universidade Federal de 
                         Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina 
                         (UFSC)} and {Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)} and {Universidade 
                         Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)}",
                title = "Energy balance and performance assessment of PV systems installed 
                         at a positive-energy building (PEB) solar energy research centre",
              journal = "Solar Energy",
                 year = "2020",
               volume = "212",
                pages = "258--274",
                month = "Dec.",
             keywords = "BIPV systems, Energy balance, Zero-energy buildings (ZEB), 
                         Positive-energy building (PEB).",
             abstract = "The energy balance and performance of all Photovoltaic (PV) 
                         systems installed at Fotovoltaica/UFSC solar energy laboratory 
                         (www.fotovoltaica.ufsc.br) in Florianopolis, ´ Brazil (27\◦ 
                         S; 48\◦ W) were demonstrated over time, from Aug/2017 to 
                         Feb/2020. The laboratory was designed as a zero-energy building 
                         (ZEB) with PV systems installed on rooftops and fa{\c{c}}ades, 
                         not maximising annual generation, but to achieve a compromise 
                         between aesthetic appeal and the energy output. Further PV systems 
                         were installed on the same site in the shapes of a carport, an 
                         electric bus (eBus) shelter and charging station, and different 
                         ground-mounted PV systems fixed at latitude tilt and single-axis 
                         tracking. Monthly analyses were carried out during the period, 
                         such as the solar irradiation availability on site, changes in the 
                         number of building occupants, the increase of installed capacity 
                         of PV systems, and energy generation and consumption. With 111 
                         kWp, the total PV generation in the period could supply 148% of 
                         building energy needs and 97% of the Fotovoltaica/UFSC Laboratory 
                         (building plus eBus). However, there were some downtime events in 
                         certain PV systems due to R\&D activities, which affected total 
                         energy production. If systems had operated at their optimal 
                         performance all the time, the laboratory could have generated 38% 
                         more energy, which means 134% of building plus eBus consumption. 
                         Therefore, the Fotovoltaica/UFSC Laboratory can be considered not 
                         only a ZEB, but a positive-energy building (PEB). The issues 
                         discussed in this paper apply not only to the particular 
                         case-study presented; they demonstrate the potential of BIPV in 
                         enabling energy positive buildings.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.solener.2020.10.080",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.10.080",
                 issn = "0038-092X",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "zomer_energy.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}